技术标签: Arduino_Core_STM32
Arduino平台的易于使用性主要就体现在屏蔽的大量底层细节的实现,对于该函数来说也不例外。虽然该函数只有两个参数(arduino引脚号和模式),但这两个参数需要多层的映射才能转化为具体适合STM32芯片的配置信息,并调用底层接口完成配置。
从下面源码中可以看出主要由两个函数来完成引脚模式配置的:digitalPinToPinName()
和pinfunction()
。在具体深入下面两个函数之前我们需要一些预备知识—该库对于STM32硬件端口和引脚的封装。
void pinMode(uint32_t ulPin, uint32_t ulMode)
{
PinName p = digitalPinToPinName(ulPin);
if (p != NC) {
// If the pin that support PWM or DAC output, we need to turn it off
/* 省略关闭PWM或DAC输出的代码 */
switch (ulMode) {
case INPUT: /* INPUT_FLOATING */
pin_function(p, STM_PIN_DATA(STM_MODE_INPUT, GPIO_NOPULL, 0));
break;
case INPUT_PULLUP:
pin_function(p, STM_PIN_DATA(STM_MODE_INPUT, GPIO_PULLUP, 0));
break;
case INPUT_PULLDOWN:
pin_function(p, STM_PIN_DATA(STM_MODE_INPUT, GPIO_PULLDOWN, 0));
break;
case INPUT_ANALOG:
pin_function(p, STM_PIN_DATA(STM_MODE_ANALOG, GPIO_NOPULL, 0));
break;
case OUTPUT:
pin_function(p, STM_PIN_DATA(STM_MODE_OUTPUT_PP, GPIO_NOPULL, 0));
break;
case OUTPUT_OPEN_DRAIN:
pin_function(p, STM_PIN_DATA(STM_MODE_OUTPUT_OD, GPIO_NOPULL, 0));
break;
default:
Error_Handler();
break;
}
}
}
PortNames.c/h
文件解析定义端口枚举:
typedef enum {
FirstPort = 0x00,
PortA = FirstPort,
PortB,
#if defined GPIOC_BASE
PortC,
#endif
#if defined GPIOD_BASE
PortD,
#endif
/* 省略部分定义 */
PortZ,
LastPort = PortZ - 1
} PortName;
#define MAX_NB_PORT (LastPort-FirstPort+1)
定义GPIO端口表
GPIO_TypeDef *GPIOPort[MAX_NB_PORT] = {
(GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOA_BASE,
(GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOB_BASE
#if defined GPIOC_BASE
, (GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOC_BASE
#endif
#if defined GPIOD_BASE
, (GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOD_BASE
#endif
/* 省略部分代码 */
};
操作函数:返回GPIO基地址
/* Return GPIO base address */
#define get_GPIO_Port(p) ((p < MAX_NB_PORT) ? GPIOPort[p] : (GPIO_TypeDef *)NULL)
pinNames.h
文件解析引脚定义:实际引脚定义中也包含的端口信息,高四位存储端口信息(PortName的枚举值),低四位存储引脚号(0-15)。
typedef enum {
// Not connected
NC = (int)0xFFFFFFFF,
// Pin name definition
PA_0 = (PortA << 4) + 0x00,
PA_1 = (PortA << 4) + 0x01,
PA_2 = (PortA << 4) + 0x02,
PA_3 = (PortA << 4) + 0x03,
PA_4 = (PortA << 4) + 0x04,
PA_5 = (PortA << 4) + 0x05,
PA_6 = (PortA << 4) + 0x06,
PA_7 = (PortA << 4) + 0x07,
PA_8 = (PortA << 4) + 0x08,
PA_9 = (PortA << 4) + 0x09,
PA_10 = (PortA << 4) + 0x0A,
PA_11 = (PortA << 4) + 0x0B,
PA_12 = (PortA << 4) + 0x0C,
PA_13 = (PortA << 4) + 0x0D,
PA_14 = (PortA << 4) + 0x0E,
PA_15 = (PortA << 4) + 0x0F,
PB_0 = (PortB << 4) + 0x00,
PB_1 = (PortB << 4) + 0x01,
PB_2 = (PortB << 4) + 0x02,
PB_3 = (PortB << 4) + 0x03,
PB_4 = (PortB << 4) + 0x04,
PB_5 = (PortB << 4) + 0x05,
PB_6 = (PortB << 4) + 0x06,
PB_7 = (PortB << 4) + 0x07,
PB_8 = (PortB << 4) + 0x08,
PB_9 = (PortB << 4) + 0x09,
PB_10 = (PortB << 4) + 0x0A,
PB_11 = (PortB << 4) + 0x0B,
PB_12 = (PortB << 4) + 0x0C,
PB_13 = (PortB << 4) + 0x0D,
PB_14 = (PortB << 4) + 0x0E,
PB_15 = (PortB << 4) + 0x0F,
#if defined GPIOC_BASE
/* 省略GPIOC的引脚定义 */
#endif
/* 省略GPIOD-GPIOJ之间的引脚定义 */
// Specific pin name
PADC_BASE = 0x100,
/* 省略部分特殊引脚的定义 */
// Specific pin name define in the variant
#if __has_include("PinNamesVar.h")
#include "PinNamesVar.h"
#endif
P_END = NC
} PinName;
PinNamesTypes.h
文件解析使用在pin_function函数中的STM引脚数据,按如下32位格式的编码:
[2:0] Function (like in MODER reg) : Input / Output / Alt / Analog
[3] Output Push-Pull / Open Drain (as in OTYPER reg)
[5:4] as in PUPDR reg: No Pull, Pull-up, Pull-Down
[7:6] Reserved for speed config (as in OSPEEDR), but not used yet
[14:8] Alternate Num (as in AFRL/AFRG reg)
[19:15] Channel (Analog/Timer specific)
[20] Inverted (Analog/Timer specific)
[21] Analog ADC control - Only valid for specific families
[32:22] Reserved
编码信息的细节定义
#define STM_PIN_FUNCTION_MASK 0x07
#define STM_PIN_FUNCTION_SHIFT 0
#define STM_PIN_FUNCTION_BITS (STM_PIN_FUNCTION_MASK << STM_PIN_FUNCTION_SHIFT)
#define STM_PIN_OD_MASK 0x01
#define STM_PIN_OD_SHIFT 3
#define STM_PIN_OD_BITS (STM_PIN_OD_MASK << STM_PIN_OD_SHIFT)
#define STM_PIN_PUPD_MASK 0x03
#define STM_PIN_PUPD_SHIFT 4
#define STM_PIN_PUPD_BITS (STM_PIN_PUPD_MASK << STM_PIN_PUPD_SHIFT)
#define STM_PIN_SPEED_MASK 0x03
#define STM_PIN_SPEED_SHIFT 6
#define STM_PIN_SPEED_BITS (STM_PIN_SPEED_MASK << STM_PIN_SPEED_SHIFT)
#define STM_PIN_AFNUM_MASK 0x7F
#define STM_PIN_AFNUM_SHIFT 8
#define STM_PIN_AFNUM_BITS (STM_PIN_AFNUM_MASK << STM_PIN_AFNUM_SHIFT)
#define STM_PIN_CHAN_MASK 0x1F
#define STM_PIN_CHAN_SHIFT 15
#define STM_PIN_CHANNEL_BIT (STM_PIN_CHAN_MASK << STM_PIN_CHAN_SHIFT)
#define STM_PIN_INV_MASK 0x01
#define STM_PIN_INV_SHIFT 20
#define STM_PIN_INV_BIT (STM_PIN_INV_MASK << STM_PIN_INV_SHIFT)
#define STM_PIN_AN_CTRL_MASK 0x01
#define STM_PIN_AN_CTRL_SHIFT 21
#define STM_PIN_ANALOG_CONTROL_BIT (STM_PIN_AN_CTRL_MASK << STM_PIN_AN_CTRL_SHIFT)
方便从数据编码中解析出具体配置的宏函数:
#define STM_PIN_FUNCTION(X) (((X) >> STM_PIN_FUNCTION_SHIFT) & STM_PIN_FUNCTION_MASK)
#define STM_PIN_OD(X) (((X) >> STM_PIN_OD_SHIFT) & STM_PIN_OD_MASK)
#define STM_PIN_PUPD(X) (((X) >> STM_PIN_PUPD_SHIFT) & STM_PIN_PUPD_MASK)
#define STM_PIN_SPEED(X) (((X) >> STM_PIN_SPEED_SHIFT) & STM_PIN_SPEED_MASK)
#define STM_PIN_AFNUM(X) (((X) >> STM_PIN_AFNUM_SHIFT) & STM_PIN_AFNUM_MASK)
#define STM_PIN_CHANNEL(X) (((X) >> STM_PIN_CHAN_SHIFT) & STM_PIN_CHAN_MASK)
#define STM_PIN_INVERTED(X) (((X) >> STM_PIN_INV_SHIFT) & STM_PIN_INV_MASK)
#define STM_PIN_ANALOG_CONTROL(X) (((X) >> STM_PIN_AN_CTRL_SHIFT) & STM_PIN_AN_CTRL_MASK)
#define STM_PIN_MODE(X) ((STM_PIN_OD((X)) << 4) | \
(STM_PIN_FUNCTION((X)) & (~STM_PIN_OD_BITS)))
#define STM_PIN_DEFINE(FUNC_OD, PUPD, AFNUM) ((int)(FUNC_OD) |\
((PUPD & STM_PIN_PUPD_MASK) << STM_PIN_PUPD_SHIFT) |\
((AFNUM & STM_PIN_AFNUM_MASK) << STM_PIN_AFNUM_SHIFT))
#define STM_PIN_DEFINE_EXT(FUNC_OD, PUPD, AFNUM, CHAN, INV) \
((int)(FUNC_OD) |\
((PUPD & STM_PIN_PUPD_MASK) << STM_PIN_PUPD_SHIFT) |\
((AFNUM & STM_PIN_AFNUM_MASK) << STM_PIN_AFNUM_SHIFT) |\
((CHAN & STM_PIN_CHAN_MASK) << STM_PIN_CHAN_SHIFT) |\
((INV & STM_PIN_INV_MASK) << STM_PIN_INV_SHIFT))
为方便外部使用定义的宏:
/*
* MACROS to support the legacy definition of PIN formats
* The STM_MODE_ defines contain the function and the Push-pull/OpenDrain
* configuration (legacy inheritance).
*/
#define STM_PIN_DATA(FUNC_OD, PUPD, AFNUM) \
STM_PIN_DEFINE(FUNC_OD, PUPD, AFNUM)
#define STM_PIN_DATA_EXT(FUNC_OD, PUPD, AFNUM, CHANNEL, INVERTED) \
STM_PIN_DEFINE_EXT(FUNC_OD, PUPD, AFNUM, CHANNEL, INVERTED)
typedef enum {
STM_PIN_INPUT = 0,
STM_PIN_OUTPUT = 1,
STM_PIN_ALTERNATE = 2,
STM_PIN_ANALOG = 3,
} StmPinFunction;
#define STM_MODE_INPUT (STM_PIN_INPUT)
#define STM_MODE_OUTPUT_PP (STM_PIN_OUTPUT)
#define STM_MODE_OUTPUT_OD (STM_PIN_OUTPUT | STM_PIN_OD_BITS)
#define STM_MODE_AF_PP (STM_PIN_ALTERNATE)
#define STM_MODE_AF_OD (STM_PIN_ALTERNATE | STM_PIN_OD_BITS)
#define STM_MODE_ANALOG (STM_PIN_ANALOG)
#define STM_MODE_ANALOG_ADC_CONTROL (STM_PIN_ANALOG | STM_PIN_ANALOG_CONTROL_BIT)
digitalPinToPinName()
函数这里我们要搞清楚几个关于引脚的概念:Arduino引脚,PinName,STM32端口和引脚。
宏函数:通过查表将Arduino引脚号转化为对STM32端口和引脚编码的PinName。
// Convert a digital pin number Dxx to a PinName PX_n
// Note: Analog pin is also a digital pin.
#define digitalPinToPinName(p) (((uint32_t)p < NUM_DIGITAL_PINS) ? digitalPin[p] : NC)
通过下面数组可以将Arduino(Dx或x)引脚号转化为STM32的PinName(PX_n),下面具体是black_STM32F407VE板子的引脚定义(位于variants.h
文件)
// Pin number
// This array allows to wrap Arduino pin number(Dx or x)
// to STM32 PinName (PX_n)
const PinName digitalPin[] = {
// Right Side
//Int //Ext
//3V3 //3V3
//3V3 //3V3
//BOOT0 //BOOT1
//GND //GND
//GND //GND
PE_1, PE_0, // D0, D1
PB_9, PB_8,
PB_7, PB_6,
PB_5, PB_3,
PD_7, PD_6,
PD_5, PD_4, // D10, D11
PD_3, PD_2,
PD_1, PD_0,
PC_12, PC_11,
PC_10, PA_15,
PA_12, PA_11, // D20, D21 PA_11: USB_DM, PA_12: USB_DP
PA_10, PA_9,
PA_8, PC_9,
PC_8, PC_7,
PC_6, PD_15,
PD_14, PD_13, // D30, D31
PD_12, PD_11,
PD_10, PD_9,
PD_8, PB_15,
// Left Side
//Ext //Int
//5V //5V
//5V //5V
//3V3 //3V3
//3V3 //3V3
//GND //GND
PE_2, PE_3,
PE_4, PE_5, // D40, D41 PE_4: BUT K0, PE_5: BUT K1
PE_6, PC_13,
PC_0, PC_1,
PC_2, PC_3,
//VREF- //VREF+
PA_0, PA_1, // PA_0(WK_UP): BUT K_UP)
PA_2, PA_3, // D50, D51
PA_4, PA_5,
/*PA_6, PA_7,*/ // PA_6, PA_7: Moved to allow contiguous analog pins
PC_4, PC_5,
PB_0, PB_1,
PA_6, PA_7, // PA_6: LED D2, PA_7: LED D3 (active LOW)
PE_7, PE_8, // D60, D61
PE_9, PE_10,
PE_11, PE_12,
PE_13, PE_14,
PE_15, PB_10,
PB_11, PB_12, // D70, D71
PB_13, PB_14,
PB_4,
};
pin_function()
函数最终的配置是由该函数解析配置信息并调用底层库(LL库)函数实现的。
/**
* Configure pin (mode, speed, output type and pull-up/pull-down)
*/
void pin_function(PinName pin, int function)
{
/* Get the pin informations */
uint32_t mode = STM_PIN_FUNCTION(function);
uint32_t afnum = STM_PIN_AFNUM(function);
uint32_t port = STM_PORT(pin);
uint32_t ll_pin = STM_LL_GPIO_PIN(pin);
uint32_t ll_mode = 0;
if (pin == (PinName)NC) {
Error_Handler();
}
/* Enable GPIO clock */
GPIO_TypeDef *gpio = set_GPIO_Port_Clock(port);
/* Set default speed to high.
* For most families there are dedicated registers so it is
* not so important, register can be set at any time.
* But for families like F1, speed only applies to output.
*/
#if defined (STM32F1xx)
if (mode == STM_PIN_OUTPUT) {
#endif
#ifdef LL_GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH
LL_GPIO_SetPinSpeed(gpio, ll_pin, LL_GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH);
#else
LL_GPIO_SetPinSpeed(gpio, ll_pin, LL_GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH);
#endif
#if defined (STM32F1xx)
}
#endif
switch (mode) {
case STM_PIN_INPUT:
ll_mode = LL_GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
break;
case STM_PIN_OUTPUT:
ll_mode = LL_GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT;
break;
case STM_PIN_ALTERNATE:
ll_mode = LL_GPIO_MODE_ALTERNATE;
/* In case of ALT function, also set the afnum */
pin_SetAFPin(gpio, pin, afnum);
break;
case STM_PIN_ANALOG:
ll_mode = LL_GPIO_MODE_ANALOG;
break;
default:
Error_Handler();
break;
}
LL_GPIO_SetPinMode(gpio, ll_pin, ll_mode);
/* 省略部分代码 */
if ((mode == STM_PIN_OUTPUT) || (mode == STM_PIN_ALTERNATE)) {
if (STM_PIN_OD(function)) {
LL_GPIO_SetPinOutputType(gpio, ll_pin, LL_GPIO_OUTPUT_OPENDRAIN);
} else {
LL_GPIO_SetPinOutputType(gpio, ll_pin, LL_GPIO_OUTPUT_PUSHPULL);
}
}
pin_PullConfig(gpio, ll_pin, STM_PIN_PUPD(function));
pin_DisconnectDebug(pin);
}
文章浏览阅读1.6k次。安装配置gi、安装数据库软件、dbca建库见下:http://blog.csdn.net/kadwf123/article/details/784299611、检查集群节点及状态:[root@rac2 ~]# olsnodes -srac1 Activerac2 Activerac3 Activerac4 Active[root@rac2 ~]_12c查看crs状态
文章浏览阅读1.3w次,点赞45次,收藏99次。我个人用的是anaconda3的一个python集成环境,自带jupyter notebook,但在我打开jupyter notebook界面后,却找不到对应的虚拟环境,原来是jupyter notebook只是通用于下载anaconda时自带的环境,其他环境要想使用必须手动下载一些库:1.首先进入到自己创建的虚拟环境(pytorch是虚拟环境的名字)activate pytorch2.在该环境下下载这个库conda install ipykernelconda install nb__jupyter没有pytorch环境
文章浏览阅读5.2k次,点赞19次,收藏28次。选择scoop纯属意外,也是无奈,因为电脑用户被锁了管理员权限,所有exe安装程序都无法安装,只可以用绿色软件,最后被我发现scoop,省去了到处下载XXX绿色版的烦恼,当然scoop里需要管理员权限的软件也跟我无缘了(譬如everything)。推荐添加dorado这个bucket镜像,里面很多中文软件,但是部分国外的软件下载地址在github,可能无法下载。以上两个是官方bucket的国内镜像,所有软件建议优先从这里下载。上面可以看到很多bucket以及软件数。如果官网登陆不了可以试一下以下方式。_scoop-cn
文章浏览阅读4.5k次,点赞2次,收藏3次。首先要有一个color-picker组件 <el-color-picker v-model="headcolor"></el-color-picker>在data里面data() { return {headcolor: ’ #278add ’ //这里可以选择一个默认的颜色} }然后在你想要改变颜色的地方用v-bind绑定就好了,例如:这里的:sty..._vue el-color-picker
文章浏览阅读640次。基于芯片日益增长的问题,所以内核开发者们引入了新的方法,就是在内核中只保留函数,而数据则不包含,由用户(应用程序员)自己把数据按照规定的格式编写,并放在约定的地方,为了不占用过多的内存,还要求数据以根精简的方式编写。boot启动时,传参给内核,告诉内核设备树文件和kernel的位置,内核启动时根据地址去找到设备树文件,再利用专用的编译器去反编译dtb文件,将dtb还原成数据结构,以供驱动的函数去调用。firmware是三星的一个固件的设备信息,因为找不到固件,所以内核启动不成功。_exynos 4412 刷机
文章浏览阅读2w次,点赞24次,收藏42次。Linux系统配置jdkLinux学习教程,Linux入门教程(超详细)_linux配置jdk
文章浏览阅读3.3k次,点赞5次,收藏19次。xlabel('\delta');ylabel('AUC');具体符号的对照表参照下图:_matlab微米怎么输入
文章浏览阅读119次。顺序读写指的是按照文件中数据的顺序进行读取或写入。对于文本文件,可以使用fgets、fputs、fscanf、fprintf等函数进行顺序读写。在C语言中,对文件的操作通常涉及文件的打开、读写以及关闭。文件的打开使用fopen函数,而关闭则使用fclose函数。在C语言中,可以使用fread和fwrite函数进行二进制读写。 Biaoge 于2024-03-09 23:51发布 阅读量:7 ️文章类型:【 C语言程序设计 】在C语言中,用于打开文件的函数是____,用于关闭文件的函数是____。
文章浏览阅读3.4k次,点赞2次,收藏13次。跟随鼠标移动的粒子以grid(SOP)为partical(SOP)的资源模板,调整后连接【Geo组合+point spirit(MAT)】,在连接【feedback组合】适当调整。影响粒子动态的节点【metaball(SOP)+force(SOP)】添加mouse in(CHOP)鼠标位置到metaball的坐标,实现鼠标影响。..._touchdesigner怎么让一个模型跟着鼠标移动
文章浏览阅读178次。项目运行环境配置:Jdk1.8 + Tomcat7.0 + Mysql + HBuilderX(Webstorm也行)+ Eclispe(IntelliJ IDEA,Eclispe,MyEclispe,Sts都支持)。项目技术:Springboot + mybatis + Maven +mysql5.7或8.0+html+css+js等等组成,B/S模式 + Maven管理等等。环境需要1.运行环境:最好是java jdk 1.8,我们在这个平台上运行的。其他版本理论上也可以。_基于java技术的停车场管理系统实现与设计
文章浏览阅读3.5k次。前言对于MediaPlayer播放器的源码分析内容相对来说比较多,会从Java-&amp;gt;Jni-&amp;gt;C/C++慢慢分析,后面会慢慢更新。另外,博客只作为自己学习记录的一种方式,对于其他的不过多的评论。MediaPlayerDemopublic class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements SurfaceHolder.Cal..._android多媒体播放源码分析 时序图
文章浏览阅读2.4k次,点赞41次,收藏13次。java 数据结构与算法 ——快速排序法_快速排序法