Python beautifulsoup库实践-程序员宅基地

关于安装:
在cmd命令行直接输入: pip install bs4

关于四个常用的解析库:
在这里插入图片描述

关于实践:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Tue Dec 11 17:12:12 2018

@author: Administrator
"""
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs



html = '''
<body class="zhs zh-CN wkit ltr" data-priority="2" onload="if(_w.lb)lb();_ge('sb_form_q').focus();" onfocus=""><div id="ajaxStyles" data-bm="29"><style data-rms="1" id="ajaxStyle">#sw_as .sa_tmHS, .rtl #sw_as .sa_as[dir="ltr"] .sa_tmHS { padding-right: 36px; padding-left: initial; } .rtl #sw_as .sa_as .sa_tmHS { padding-right: initial; padding-left: 36px; }</style></div><script type="text/javascript">//<![CDATA[
_G.AppVer="8_1_2_6213932"; var _H={}; _H.mkt = "zh-CN";_H.trueMkt = "zh-CN";_H.imgName = "KilimanjaroMawenzi";;_H.sbbsLink =null; var g_vidOn=0; var g_hasVid=0; var g_IMVL = 0; var g_NPLE =0;var g_hptse = 1; var g_crsInst =0; _H.rbc =0;_H.clientLog = 1;_H.startTm = _w.performance && _w.performance.timing ? _w.performance.timing.responseStart : null;_H.focusHideCrs =0;_H.hpqs = 1;_H.fullimg = 1;_H.hpaimg = 1;_H.postrb = 1;_H.hptrIID =1300;_H.hpchunk = 1;;var sj_b=_d.body;g_img={url: "/az/hprichbg/rb/KilimanjaroMawenzi_ZH-CN7924585833_1920x1080.jpg",d:'200',cN:'_SS',crN:'bIm',hash: "834",del: 50};g_img.hdon = 1;g_img.hdsup = 0;;var Identity; (function(Identity) { Identity.sglid =false; Identity.orgIdPhotoUrl ="https://business.bing.com/api/v2/search/download?DocumentType=ContactPhoto\u0026Id={0}"; })(Identity || (Identity = {}));;BM.trigger();
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_ge('hpinsthk').getAttribute('h'); return si_T(id);" role="none" id="sb_form" class="sw_box"><div class="b_searchboxForm" role="search" data-bm="16"><input class="b_searchbox" id="sb_form_q" name="q" title="输入搜索词" type="search" value="" maxlength="100" autocapitalize="off" autocorrect="off" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" role="combobox" aria-autocomplete="both" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="sw_as" aria-owns="sw_as"><input type="submit" class="b_searchboxSubmit" id="sb_form_go" title="搜索" tabindex="-1" name="go"><input id="sa_qs" name="qs" value="ds" type="hidden"><input type="hidden" value="QBLH" name="form"><div id="sw_as" role="listbox" aria-label="建议" style="display: block; margin-left: -1px; margin-right: 1px;"><div class="sa_as" data-priority="2" data-bm="30"></div></div></div></form></div></div><div class="shader_left" data-bm="10"></div><div class="shader_right" data-bm="11"></div><div id="hp_sw_hdr" class="hp_hor_hdr" data-bm="12"><div class="sw_tb"><ul id="sc_hdu" class="sc_hl1 hp_head_nav" role="navigation"><li id="scpt0" class="" data-bm="0"><a id="scpl0" aria-owns="scpc0" aria-controls="scpc0" aria-expanded="false" onclick="hpulc4hdr();selectScope(this, 'images');" href="/images?FORM=Z9LH" h="ID=SERP,5026.1">图片</a><div id="scpc0" role="group" aria-labelledby="scpl0" aria-hidden="true" aria-expanded="false"></div></li><li id="scpt1" class="" data-bm="1"><a id="scpl1" aria-owns="scpc1" aria-controls="scpc1" aria-expanded="false" onclick="hpulc4hdr();selectScope(this, 'video');" href="/videos?FORM=Z9LH1" h="ID=SERP,5027.1">视频</a><div id="scpc1" role="group" aria-labelledby="scpl1" aria-hidden="true" aria-expanded="false"></div></li><li id="scpt2" class="" data-bm="2"><a id="scpl2" aria-owns="scpc2" aria-controls="scpc2" aria-expanded="false" onclick="hpulc4hdr();selectScope(this, 'academic');" href="/academic/?FORM=Z9LH2" h="ID=SERP,5028.1">学术</a><div id="scpc2" role="group" aria-labelledby="scpl2" aria-hidden="true" aria-expanded="false"></div></li><li id="scpt3" class="" data-bm="3"><a id="scpl3" aria-owns="scpc3" aria-controls="scpc3" aria-expanded="false" onclick="hpulc4hdr();selectScope(this, 'dictionary');" href="/dict?FORM=Z9LH3" h="ID=SERP,5029.1">词典</a><div id="scpc3" role="group" aria-labelledby="scpl3" aria-hidden="true" aria-expanded="false"></div></li><li id="scpt4" class="" data-bm="4"><a id="scpl4" aria-owns="scpc4" aria-controls="scpc4" aria-expanded="false" onclick="hpulc4hdr();selectScope(this, 'local');" href="/maps?FORM=Z9LH4" h="ID=SERP,5030.1">地图</a><div id="scpc4" role="group" aria-labelledby="scpl4" aria-hidden="true" aria-expanded="false"></div></li><li id="hdr_spl" data-bm="5">|</li><li id="office" data-bm="6"><a aria-owns="off_menu_cont" aria-controls="off_menu_cont" aria-expanded="false" target="_blank" onclick="hpulc4hdr();" href="http://www.office.com?WT.mc_id=O16_BingHP" h="ID=SERP,5017.1">Office Online</a><div id="off_menu_cont" aria-labelledby="off_link" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true" class="sc_pc" data-officemenuroot="office" style="left: 361px; display: block; visibility: hidden;"><ul class="om" style="display: block;"><li><a id="officemenu_word" title="Word Online" target="_blank" onclick="hpulc4hdr();" href="https://office.live.com/start/Word.aspx?WT.mc_id=O16_BingHP" h="ID=SERP,5031.1"><div><div class="oml_img" id="officemenu_word_img"></div><div class="itm_desc">Word Online</div></div></a></li><li><a id="officemenu_excel" title="Excel Online" target="_blank" onclick="hpulc4hdr();" href="https://office.live.com/start/Excel.aspx?WT.mc_id=O16_BingHP" h="ID=SERP,5032.1"><div><div class="oml_img" id="officemenu_excel_img"></div><div class="itm_desc">Excel Online</div></div></a></li><li><a id="officemenu_powerpoint" title="PowerPoint Online" target="_blank" onclick="hpulc4hdr();" href="https://office.live.com/start/PowerPoint.aspx?WT.mc_id=O16_BingHP" h="ID=SERP,5033.1"><div><div class="oml_img" id="officemenu_powerpoint_img"></div><div class="itm_desc">PowerPoint Online</div></div></a></li><li><a id="officemenu_onenote" title="OneNote Online" target="_blank" onclick="hpulc4hdr();" href="https://www.onenote.com/notebooks?WT.mc_id=O16_BingHP" h="ID=SERP,5034.1"><div><div class="oml_img" id="officemenu_onenote_img"></div><div class="itm_desc">OneNote Online</div></div></a></li><li><a id="officemenu_sway" title="Sway" target="_blank" onclick="hpulc4hdr();" href="https://sway.office.com?WT.mc_id=O16_BingHP&amp;utm_source=O16Bing&amp;utm_medium=Nav&amp;utm_campaign=HP" h="ID=SERP,5035.1"><div><div class="oml_img" id="officemenu_sway_img"></div><div class="itm_desc">Sway</div></div></a></li><li><a id="officemenu_onedrive" title="OneDrive" target="_blank" onclick="hpulc4hdr();" href="https://onedrive.live.com/?gologin=1&amp;WT.mc_id=O16_BingHP" h="ID=SERP,5036.1"><div><div class="oml_img" id="officemenu_onedrive_img"></div><div class="itm_desc">OneDrive</div></div></a></li><li><a id="officemenu_calendar" title="日历" target="_blank" onclick="hpulc4hdr();" href="https://calendar.live.com/?WT.mc_id=O16_BingHP" h="ID=SERP,5037.1"><div><div class="oml_img" id="officemenu_calendar_img"></div><div class="itm_desc">日历</div></div></a></li><li><a id="officemenu_people" title="人脉" target="_blank" onclick="hpulc4hdr();" href="https://outlook.live.com/owa/?path=/people&amp;WT.mc_id=O16_BingHP" h="ID=SERP,5038.1"><div><div class="oml_img" id="officemenu_people_img"></div><div class="itm_desc">人脉</div></div></a></li></ul></div></li><li id="outlook" data-bm="7" style="visibility: visible;"><a aria-owns="off_menu_cont" aria-controls="off_menu_cont" aria-expanded="false" target="_blank" onclick="hpulc4hdr();" href="https://outlook.com/?WT.mc_id=O16_BingHP?mkt=zh-CN" h="ID=SERP,5018.1">Outlook.com</a></li></ul><div id="hp_id_hdr"><div id="id_h" role="complementary" aria-label="帐户奖励和偏好设置" data-priority="2" data-bm="8"><a id="id_l" class="id_button" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="id_d" aria-expanded="false" data-clarity-mask="true" href="javascript:void(0);" h="ID=SERP,5061.1"><span id="id_s" aria-hidden="false">登录</span><span class="sw_spd id_avatar" id="id_a" aria-hidden="false" aria-label="默认个人资料图片"></span><span id="id_n" style="display:none" aria-hidden="true"></span><img id="id_p" class="id_avatar sw_spd" style="display:none" aria-hidden="true" alt="" aria-label="个人资料图片" onerror="FallBackToDefaultProfilePic(this)" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010700442226435.gif" data-alt="" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010700442226435.gif" data-bm="18"></a><span id="id_d" _iid="SERP.5069"></span><a id="id_sc" class="idp_ham hphbtop" aria-label="设置和快速链接" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="id_hbfo" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" tabindex="0" href="javascript:void(0);" h="ID=SERP,5067.1"></a><span id="id_hbfo" _iid="SERP.5068" class="slide_up hpfo hb_hpqexp" aria-hidden="true" aria-labelledby="id_sc" role="menu"></span></div></div></div></div><div id="lap_w" class="" data-ajaxiid="5044" data-date="20181211" data-bm="13"><div id="lap_s" data-bm="44" style="height: 517px;"><div id="hpla"><div id="hplaDL"><img width="16" height="16" class="rms_img" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010700442226915.png" data-bm="31"><span>下载今日美图</span></div><a class="hplaDMLink" target="_blank" href="/dreammap/?mkt=zh-cn&amp;lat=-3.071908&amp;lon=37.358270&amp;ct=%e4%b9%9e%e5%8a%9b%e9%a9%ac%e6%89%8e%e7%bd%97%e5%b1%b1&amp;cy=%e8%82%af%e5%b0%bc%e4%ba%9a&amp;sib=1&amp;FORM=BNLH" h="ID=SERP.5044,5004.1"><img width="364" height="205" class="rms_img" src="http://s3.cn.bing.net/th?id=OJ.uaZFZbd3QDzRsQ&amp;pid=MSNJVFeeds" data-bm="32"><div id="hplaT"><div class="hplaTtl">感恩大山的馈赠</div><div><span class="hplaDM">去看看<img class="rms_img" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010700442221812.png" data-bm="33"></span><span class="hplaAttr">肯尼亚,乞力马扎罗山</span></div></div></a><div class="hplaCata"><div class="hplatt">山之壮美</div><div class="hplats">无以言表的壮阔美感</div><div id="hplaSnippet">今天是国际山岳日,联合国为大山们创立了这个节日。据了解世界上有一半以上的人口依靠山脉获取淡水、食物和清洁能源。当山区生态系统受到气候变化和土地退化的威胁时,不仅危及植物和动物,也危及依靠山脉生存的人们。壁纸中这一幕是从邻国肯尼亚的楚鲁山国家公园眺望到的乞力马扎罗山。科学家们正在密切监测这座山峰不断缩小的冰川和冰原。</div><div class="hplaPvd">文/时尚旅游</div><div class="hplac hplacl"><div class="hplacn">1</div><div class="hplact"><a href="/Search?q=%e9%98%bf%e5%b0%94%e5%b8%95%e7%8e%9b%e5%b0%a4%e5%b1%b1&amp;mkt=zh-cn&amp;FORM=BNLH" h="ID=SERP.5044,5017.1"><div class="hplactt"><span>阿尔帕玛尤山</span><img class="rms_img" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010700442221812.png" data-bm="34"></div></a><div class="hplactc">位于秘鲁的阿尔帕玛尤山被人们称为世界上最美丽的山,这座山简直就像大自然一场美丽的意外。山顶被皑皑白雪覆盖着,终年不化,整个山体呈标准的60度角倾斜,周围偶尔可以看见裸露的黑色的嶙峋棱角,夕阳西下时分,山顶上的雪被染成不可思议的金黄色,仿佛镀上一层金子一般,blingbling惹人爱!</div></div></div><div class="hplac hplacl"><div class="hplacn">2</div><div class="hplact"><a href="/Search?q=%e7%91%99%e9%b2%81%e8%b5%ab%e4%bc%8a%e5%b1%b1&amp;mkt=zh-cn&amp;FORM=BNLH" h="ID=SERP.5044,5018.1"><div class="hplactt"><span>瑙鲁赫伊山</span><img class="rms_img" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010700442221812.png" data-bm="35"></div></a><div class="hplactc">瑙鲁赫伊山是一座活火山,最近一次的喷发是在1977年。你如果能爬到顶峰,就会看到火山口的喷气孔,场面相当壮观!被积雪覆盖的山顶,远看与富士山很像,海拔高度2291米的它,对于登山者的攀爬考验度也是超级高的。如果你看过指环王,那么一定可以认出这座“末日火山”!</div></div></div><div class="hplac hplacl"><div class="hplacn">3</div><div class="hplact"><a href="/Search?q=%e5%ba%93%e5%85%8b%e5%b1%b1&amp;mkt=zh-cn&amp;FORM=BNLH" h="ID=SERP.5044,5019.1"><div class="hplactt"><span>库克山</span><img class="rms_img" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010700442221812.png" data-bm="36"></div></a><div class="hplactc">库克山是新西兰最高的山脉,绵延几百公里的它也是终年被白雪覆盖着。早年的航海家驶近南岛东岸时,放眼望去,看到一列高耸入云的雪峰,就把这里命名为“长白云之地”。库克山的独特之处在于,山中隐匿着各种峡谷、溪流和小径,可以说是个探险的好去处!</div></div></div><div class="hplac hplacl"><div class="hplacn">4</div><div class="hplact"><a href="/Search?q=%e9%98%bf%e5%8b%92%e5%b1%b1&amp;mkt=zh-cn&amp;FORM=BNLH" h="ID=SERP.5044,5020.1"><div class="hplactt"><span>阿勒山</span><img class="rms_img" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010700442221812.png" data-bm="37"></div></a><div class="hplactc">阿勒山是土耳其最高的山峰。这里的神秘之处就在,基督教的圣经《创世记》一篇中记载,著名的诺亚方舟在大洪水后,最后停泊的地方就在阿勒山上,因此也使得阿勒山在欧洲、西亚的基督教世界远近驰名。 自古以来,阿勒山就是亚美尼亚人的精神象征。圣经为它蒙上了一层神圣的光芒。</div></div></div></div><div class="hplaCard"><a href="/Search?q=%e8%8e%ab%e7%ba%b3%e5%85%8b%e4%ba%9a%e5%b1%b1&amp;mkt=zh-cn&amp;FORM=BNLH" h="ID=SERP.5044,5021.1"><div class="hplatt"><span>莫纳克亚山</span><img class="rms_img" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010700442221812.png" data-bm="38"></div></a><div class="hplats">珠峰世界最高?你错了!</div><a href="/Search?q=%e8%8e%ab%e7%ba%b3%e5%85%8b%e4%ba%9a%e5%b1%b1&amp;mkt=zh-cn&amp;FORM=BNLH" h="ID=SERP.5044,5021.2"><img width="364" height="205" class="rms_img" src="http://s3.cn.bing.net/th?id=OJ.Nn3yOOpPwtVGEw&amp;pid=MSNJVFeeds" data-bm="39"></a><div class="hplatxt">或许你从小学就开始被灌输,世界最高峰当然是珠穆朗玛峰没差啦!但现在小编告诉你,并不是!位于夏威夷的莫纳克亚山才是世界最高峰哦!它是夏威夷岛上的制高点。莫纳克亚山是一座死火山,它的海拔高度,要比海平面高出4206米。但是如果从海底量到山顶的话,它就高达10200米,比珠穆朗玛峰还高1200米!</div></div><div class="hplaCard"><a href="/Search?q=%e5%a5%a5%e6%9e%97%e5%8c%b9%e6%96%af%e5%b1%b1&amp;mkt=zh-cn&amp;FORM=BNLH" h="ID=SERP.5044,5022.1"><div class="hplatt"><span>奥林匹斯山</span><img class="rms_img" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010700442221812.png" data-bm="40"></div></a><div class="hplats">就要高出太阳系!</div><a href="/Search?q=%e5%a5%a5%e6%9e%97%e5%8c%b9%e6%96%af%e5%b1%b1&amp;mkt=zh-cn&amp;FORM=BNLH" h="ID=SERP.5044,5022.2"><img width="364" height="205" class="rms_img" src="http://s.cn.bing.net/th?id=OJ.sLNdtg23vrcPMA&amp;pid=MSNJVFeeds" data-bm="41"></a><div class="hplatxt">奥林匹斯山其实是火星上的盾状火山,它是已知的太阳系中最高的山,高于火星基准面21229米,在太空船确认它是一座山之前,地面望远镜中的奥林帕斯山是一明亮的亮点,被19世纪后期天文学家命名为“奥林帕斯山之雪”。虽然它高得可怕,但并不陡峭,它的坡度很缓,视觉效果超级舒服!</div></div><div class="hplaCopy"><span class="hplaCIcon"> </span><span>图片来源于Bing搜索 | </span><span 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//]]></script><script type="text/javascript" data-rms="1" src="/rb/15/cj,nj/aaf118b9/526ecc05.js?bu=DiguWWltcWVdYaoBrgEungEu"></script><script type="text/javascript" data-rms="1" src="/rb/G/cj,nj/6edffa2a/2561da8d.js?bu=GKcB-wT-BIEFKioqKoQF9wMqKirGA9QD1wPtAyoq8AMqKo4F2gM"></script></body>'''


soup = bs(html, 'lxml')

print(soup.div) # 获取第一个div标签中的所有内容
print(type(soup.div))   ## <class 'bs4.element.Tag'>
print(soup.div['id'])  # 获取第一个div标签中id的值
print(soup.find_all('div'))  # 查找所有的div标签的内容
print(type(soup.find_all('div')))  ##<class 'bs4.element.ResultSet'>
print(soup.find_all(id="ajaxStyles")) # 获取id="ajaxStyles"

for item in soup.find_all('div'):   # 获取所有的div标签
    print(item.get("id"))    # 遍历打印出每个div中id属性的值
    print(item.get_text())   # 遍历打印出每个div标签的文本值
'''
我们可以利用 soup 加标签名轻松地获取这些标签的内容,这些对象的类型是bs4.element.Tag。但是注意,它查找的是在所有内容中的第一个符合要求的标签。
对于 Tag,它有两个重要的属性,是 name 和 attrs:
'''
print(soup.body.name)

print(soup.div['data-bm'])  # print(soup.div.get('data-bm'))   print(soup.div.attrs['data-bm']) 三者是等价的
print(soup.div.attrs)  # {'id': 'ajaxStyles', 'data-bm': '29'} 第一个div标签中所有的属性值
print(soup.div.string) # 第一个div标签内部的文本内容


##########css选择器   css内容:主要是通过select 来实现。
soup.select('body div')

总结: 需要先生成一个soup对象,然后再通过 . 选择或者是select 选择对应的标签,但是这种方法还是比较局限。后期会介绍更好的方法.

版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42983055/article/details/84649331

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