模板放到指定目录（resources资源目录下）

导出数据：

代码如下（示例）：

pom.xml

 <!--jxls导出依赖jar包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.jxls</groupId>
            <artifactId>jxls-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.6</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
 <!--poi依赖jar包 使用3.17本版的包就对了相信我-->
		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>3.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-scratchpad</artifactId>
            <version>3.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>3.17</version>
        </dependency>

ExcelUtiles

package com.src.common.excel;



import net.sf.jxls.transformer.XLSTransformer;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @ProjectName: Student
 * @Package: cn.utils
 */
public class ExcelUtiles {
    
    /**
     * 输出表格
     * @param map 表格中数据
     * @param response 响应
     * @param excelName 表格名称
     * @param excelPath 表格模板保存的路径
     */
    public static void outExcel(Map<String,Object> map,HttpServletResponse response,String excelName,String excelPath){
    
        File file=null;
        try {
    
            file= ResourceUtils.getFile(excelPath);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
    
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //配置下载路径
        String path = StaticUrl.getFileUrl()+"down\\";
        createDir(new File(path));

        //根据模板生成新的excel
        File excelFile = createNewFile(map, file, path,excelName);

        //浏览器端下载文件
        try {
    
            downloadFile(response, excelFile,excelName);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
    
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //删除服务器生成文件
        deleteFile(excelFile);

    }

    /**
     * 根据excel模板生成新的excel
     * @param beans 表格中的数据
     * @param file 文件
     * @param path 生成文件的位置
     * @param excelName 文件名称
     * @return
     */
    private static File createNewFile(Map<String, Object> beans, File file, String path,String excelName) {
    
        XLSTransformer transformer = new XLSTransformer();


        File newFile = new File(path + excelName+".xls");


        try (InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
             OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(newFile)) {
    
            Workbook workbook = transformer.transformXLS(in, beans);
            workbook.write(out);
            out.flush();
            return newFile;
        } catch (Exception e) {
    
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
        return newFile;
    }

    /**
     * 将服务器新生成的excel从浏览器下载
     * @param response 响应
     * @param excelFile 表格文件
     * @param excelName 表格名称
     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
     */
    private static void downloadFile(HttpServletResponse response, File excelFile,String excelName) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
    

        /* 设置文件头：最后一个参数是设置下载文件名 */
        response.setHeader("Content-type","application/vnd.ms-excel");
        // 解决导出文件名中文乱码
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+new String(excelName.getBytes("UTF-8"),"ISO-8859-1")+".xls");

        try (
                InputStream ins = new FileInputStream(excelFile);
                OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream()
        ) {
    
            byte[] b = new byte[1024];
            int len;
            while ((len = ins.read(b)) > 0) {
    
                os.write(b, 0, len);
            }
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
    
            ioe.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 浏览器下载完成之后删除服务器生成的文件
     * 也可以设置定时任务去删除服务器文件
     *
     * @param excelFile
     */
    private static void deleteFile(File excelFile) {
    

        excelFile.delete();
    }

    //如果目录不存在创建目录 存在则不创建
    private static void createDir(File file) {
    
        if (!file.exists()) {
    
            file.mkdirs();
        }
    }
}

StaticUrl

package com.src.common.excel;

import org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

/**
 * @ProjectName: ycbdqn
 * @Package: cn.utils 上传文件路径
 * @Author: huat
 * @Date: 2020/3/5 13:39
 * @Version: 1.0
 */
public class StaticUrl {
    

    public static String getFileUrl(){
    
        String   systemPath =null;
        try {
    
            systemPath = ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath().replace("%20", " ").replace('/', '\\').substring(1);;

        /*//从路径字符串中取出工程路径

            systemPath=systemPath.substring(0,systemPath.lastIndexOf("Student"));*/
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
    
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        int result=systemPath.indexOf("\\");
        if(-1!=result){
    
            systemPath=systemPath.substring(result).replace("/","\\");

        }
        return systemPath+"static.excel\\"; //和模板resources下的文件名称一致
        // return "E:\IDEA\file\";
    }
}

Controller

@RequestMapping("downExcel")
    public void downExecl(){
    
        Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>();
        map.put("name","学生信息表");
        Student student=new Student(123,"张三");
        Student student1=new Student(124,"李四");
        Student student2=new Student(125,"王五");
        List<Student> list=new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(student);list.add(student1);list.add(student2);
        map.put("studentList",list);

        //获取学生信息
        //"classpath:static/excel/学生表格.xls"   表格模板保存路径，classpath:代表resources路径
        System.out.println(StaticUrl.getFileUrl()+"学生表格.xls");
        ExcelUtiles.outExcel(map,response,"学生信息", StaticUrl.getFileUrl()+"学生表格.xls");

    }

参考：https://my.oschina.net/u/3535099/blog/4268971